Functional Roles
Industries Served
Physical Properties
melting_point
47.1 u00b0F (NTP, 1992)
boiling_point
213.3 u00b0F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
density
1.22 at 68 u00b0F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
solubility
greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70 u00b0F (NTP, 1992)
vapor_pressure
35 mmHg at 68 u00b0F ; 200 mmHg at 142.5 u00b0F (NTP, 1992)
flash_point
156 u00b0F (NTP, 1992)
GHS / SDS Safety
Danger
Acute Toxic
Flammable
Irritant
Health Hazard
Corrosive
- H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
- H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]
- H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
- H226 (21.1%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
- H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]
- H331 (17.9%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
- H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]
- H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
- H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]
- H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]
- H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
- H290: May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]
- H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
- H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
- H302 (18.3%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
- H314 (99.7%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
- H318 (19.2%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
- H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
Chemical Identity
| CAS Number | 64-18-6 |
| IUPAC Name | formic acid |
| InChI Key | BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 284 |
| INCI Name | FORMIC ACID |
Synonyms & Trade Names
Full Description
Formic Acid (CAS 64-18-6) is a simple carboxylic acid with the molecular formula CH2O2, supplied as a colorless liquid with a density of 1.22 at 68°F. This chemical functions as a pH adjustment agent in textile manufacturing applications. Formic acid is highly soluble in water and requires careful handling due to its corrosive, flammable, and toxic properties.